Palynology in Himalayan stratigraphy

S.C.D. Sah

doi:10.54991/jop.1976.1028

Authors

S.C.D. Sah Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehra Dun, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1976.1028

Abstract

The paper identifies some of the vexed stratigraphical problems and complex areas in the Himalaya where palynological method could be beneficially applied. Lack of reliable stratigraphic controls has been a major handicap in the recognition and assignation of time-stratigraphic equivalence to many rock sequences in Himalaya. The scope and potentiality of palynology as an effective and reliable tool to help and resolve various types of age and correlation problems in the Complex Himalayan set up is discussed.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Acharyya SK 1971. Stratigraphic Lexicon of India: Buxa Group. Indian. Min., 25 (3): 275-278.

Auden JB 1934. The geology of the Krol Belt. Rec. geol. Surv. India, 67 (4): 357-454.

Auden JB 1937. The structure of the Himalaya in Garhwal. Rec. geol. Surv. India, 71 (4): 407-433.

Banerjee D 1968. Siwalik microflora from Punjab (India). Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol., 6 (2): 171-176.

Banerjee DM, Tandon SK & Sinha Anshu K 1975. Trace fossils in the Tethyan Succession in a part of Northern Kumaun Himalaya. Proc. Sym. Sedim. Sedmn. & Sed. Env. Deptt. of Geology., Delhi Univ., 177-185.

Bhandari LL, Venkatachala BS & Singh Pratap 1977. Stratigraphy, palynology and palaeontology of Ladakh Molasse Group in the Kargil area. IVth Colloquium on Indian Micropal. & Stratigr., 1974-75: 127-133.

Bhargava ON 1972. A reinterpretation of the Krol Belt. Him. Geol., 2: 47-81.

Gansser A 1974. Himalaya: Mesozoic-Cenozoic orogenic belts (Data for orogenic studies). Geol. Soc. London, Spl. Publication, 4: 267-278.

GHOSH, A. K. & SRIVASTAVA, S. K. (1962). Micro-- floristic evidence on the age of Krol beds and associated formations. Proc. natn. Inst. Sci. India, 28A (5): 710-717.

Heim A & Gansser A 1939. Central Himalaya. Mem. Soc. Hew. Sci. Nat., 73 (1): 1-245.

Jhingran AG, Thakur, VC & Tandon SK 1976. Structure and tectonics of the Himalaya. Int. Himalayan Geol. Sem., India, Sect. II, pt. 1, key paper: 1-39.

Kalia P 1974. Upper Permian fusulinids from Garhwal Himalaya. 2nd Colloquium on Indian Micropal. & Stratigy,: 107-110.

Karunakaran C & Ranga Rao A 1976. Status of exploration for hydrocarbons in the Himalayan region Contributions to stratigraphy and structure. Int. Himalyan Geol. Sem., India, Sect. III, O.N.G.C.: 1-72.

Lukose NG 1968. Microfossils from the Middle Siwalik of Bihar, India. J. Palynol., 4 (2) 107-112.

Mathur K 1965. Occurrence of Botryococcus, Pediastrum, hystrichosphaerids and other microfloras from the Subathu Formation of Himachal Pradesh, India. 51 & 52 Session, Indian Sci. Congr. (Abst.).

Mehrotra PC, Pal AK, Bhatt DK & Ali KN 1976. Discovery of fossil algae from the Singtali limestone and its bearing on the tectonic set up of the Garhwal Nappe. Geophytology, 6 (1): 133-147.

Nandi H 1972. Some observations on the micro- flora of Middle Siwalik sediments of Mohand (East) field, U.P. Proc. Sem. Palacopalynol. Indian. Stratigr., Calcutta, 1971: 275-383.

Nandi B 1975. Palynostratigraphy of the Siwalik Group of Punjab. Himalayan Geol., 5: 411-424.

Prakash G 1974. Discovery of acritarchs and other organic remains in the carbonate rocks of the Lesser Himalaya, U.P. Publ. Centre. Adv. Study Geol., Chandigarh, 10: 85-95.

Pilgrim GE 1913. The correlation of the Siwaliks with mammal horizons of Europe. Rec. geol. Surv. India., 43 (4): 264-326.

Powar KB & Phansalkar VG 1971. On the occurrence of plant remains in the phyllites of Bhikiasain area, Almora District, U.P. Curr. Sci., 40: 377-378.

Prasad AK & Bhatia MR 1975. Fossil tracheids and other microfossils from the Blaini Tillite horizon, Simla Hills, India. Bull. Indian Geol. Assoc., Chandigarh, 8 (2): 191-195.

Raha PK & Sastry MVA 1973. Stromatolites from the Jammu Limestone, district Udampur, Jammu, and their stratigraphic and palaeogeographic significance. Himalayan Geol., 3: 135-147.

Raiverman V & Raman KS 1971. Facies relations in the Subathu sediments, Simla Hills, N.W. Himalaya, India. Geol. Mag., 108 (4): 329-341.

Ranga Rao A 1971. New mammals from Murree (Kalakot Zone) of the Himalayan foot- hills near Kalakot, Jammu & Kashmir State, India. J. geol. Soc. India, 12 (2): 125-134.

Rastogi SP 1973. A note on the occurrence of a fenestellid bryozoa in the Lower Limestone Unit of the Shali Formation. Indian Miner., 27 (1): 88-91.

Rupke J 1974. Stratigraphic and structural evolution of the Kumaon Lesser Himalaya. Sed. Geol., 11: 91-265..

Sah SCD & Kar RK 1972. Palynostratigraphic evolution of the Lower Eocene sediments of India. Proc. Sem. Palacopalynol. Indian Stratigr., Calcutta, 1971: 255-265.

SAH SCD, Maithy PK & Bhargava ON 1977. Some significant palynomorphs from B Member of the Jutogh Formation of Simla Hills. J. geol. Soc. India, 18 (3): 139-146.

SAH SCD, Venkatachala BS & Lakhanpal RN 1968. Palynological evidence on the age of the Krols. 2nd Himalayan Geol. Sem., Chandigarh, 1967: 115-120.

Sahni MR & Mathur LP 1964. Stratigraphy of the Siwalik Group. 22nd Session Int. Geol. Congr., India: 1-24.

Salujha SK, Rehman K, Arora CM & Rawat MS 1969. Final report on palaeontological studies of Vindhyan sediments and other probable equivalents in Peninsular India. Rep. ONGC (Unpublished).

Shah SK & Sinha Anshu K 1974. Stratigraphy and tectonics of the Tethyan" Zone in a part of Western Kumaun Himalaya. Himalayan Geol., 4: 1-27.

Singh HP, Khanna AK & Sah SCD 1973. Problems and prospects of Tertiary palynology in northern India. Bull. Indian Geol. Assoc., 6 (1): 71-77.

Singh Trilochan 1976. Stratigraphy and palaeontology of marine Permian Formation, Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh. (Unpublished Thesis).

Sinha Anshu K 1975. Calcareous nannofossils from Simla Hills, (Himalaya, India), with a discussion on their age in the tectono-stratigraphic column. J. geol. Soc. India, 16 (1): 69-77.

Sinha Anshu K 1976. Litho-petrographical characteristics of autochthonous Simla and Shali formations of Simla Himalaya. Abstract Indian Geol. Congr., Delhi: 26-27.

Sinha Anshu K 1977. Riphean stromatolites from western Lower Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India, pp. 86-100 in: E. Flugel (Ed.): Fossil Algae. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

Srikantia SV & Sharma RP 1969. Shali Formation A note on the stratigraphic sequence. Bull. geol. Soc. India, 6 (3): 93-97.

Srikantia SV & Sharma RP 1971. Simla Group A reclassification of the "Chail Series", "Jaunsar Series" and "Simla Slates in the Simla Himalaya. J. geol. Soc. India, 12 (3): 234-240.

Srivastava RN & Venkataraman K 1975. Palynostratigraphy of the Blaini Formation. Bull. Indian geol. Assoc., 8 (2): 196-199.

Tewari BS & Kumar R 1967. Foraminifera from nummulitic beds of Nilkanth and organic remains from Tal Limestone, Garhwal Himalaya. Ist Himalayan Geol. Sem. Chandigarh, 1966: 33-40.

Valdiya KS 1962. Note on the discovery of stromatolitic structure from the Lower Shali Limestone of Tatapani, near Simla, H. P. Curr. Sci., 31 (2): 64-65.

Valdiya KS 1964. The unfossiliferous formations of the Lesser Himalaya and their correlation. Proc. 22nd Int. Geol. Congr., India, pt. 11: 15-36.

Valdiya KS 1969. Stromatolites of the Lesser Himalayan Carbonate formation and the Vindhyans. J. geol. Soc. India, 10 (1): 1-25.

Valdiya KS 1970. Simla slates: The Pre- Cambrian flysch of the Lesser Himalaya, its turbidites, sedimentary structures and palaeocurrents. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., 81: 451- 468.

Valdiya KS 1973. Tectonic framework of India: A review and interpretation of recent structural and tectonic studies. Geophys. Res. Bull., 11 (2): 79-114.

Valdiya KS 1975. Lithology and age of the Tal Formation in Garhwal, and implication on stratigraphic scheme of Krol Belt in Kumaun Himalaya. J. geol. Soc. India, 16 (2): 119-134.

Venkatachala BS 1972. Observation on some palynological contributions to Indian stratigraphy. The Palaeobotanist 19 (3): 284-296. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1970.879

Venkatachala BS 1977. A decade of stratigraphic palynology in India. IVth Int. Palynol., Conference, Lucknow, India.