Palynology of Neogene sediments around Quilon and Varkala, Kerala Coast, South India - 2. Spores and pollen grains

Authors

  • R.K. Kar Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, 53, University Road, Lucknow 226007, India
  • K.P. Jain Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, 53, University Road, Lucknow 226007, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1978.1082

Keywords:

Palynology, Morphotaxonomy, Pteridophytic elements, Kerala Coast, Neogene (India)

Abstract

The morphotaxonomy of dispersed spores and pollen grains, recovered from the Miocene sediments around Quilon and Varkala, Kerala Coast, South India, forms the basis of the present article. The palynological assemblage includes 44 genera and 56 species and is dominated by angiospermic pollen having subdominant pteridophytic elements. The occurrence of gymnospermic pollen is very rare.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Anderson RY 1960. Cretaceous-Tertiary palynology, eastern side of the San Juan basin, New Mexico. Mem. New Mex. Bur. Min. Miner. Resources, 6.

Bakshi SK 1962. Palynological investigation of Simsang River Tertiaries, South Shillong Front, Assam. Bull. geol. Soc. India, 26: 1-21.

Banerjee D 1964. A note on the microflora from Surma (Miocene) of Garo Hills, Assam. Bull. geol. Min. metall. Soc. India, 29: 1-8.

Banerjee D 1968. Siwalik microflora from Punjab (India). Rev. Palaeobot. palynol., 6: 171-176.

Biswas B 1962. Stratigraphy of the Mahadeo, Langpar, Cherra and Tura formations, Assam, India. Bull. geol. Min. metall. Soc. India, 25: 1-48.

Chanda S 1966. On the pollen morphology of the Centrolepidaceae, Restionaceae and Flagellariaceae with special reference to taxonomy. Grana palynol., 6 (3): 355-415.

Chanda S & Erdtman G 1965. Some graminoid pollen types and their bearing on micropalaeobotany. J. Palynol., 1: 32-37.

Chitaley SD 1951. Fossil microflora from the Mohgaon Kalan beds of the Madhya Pradesh, India. Proc. natn. Inst. Sci. India, 17 (5): 373- 383.

Cookson IC 1947. Plant microfossils from the lignites of Kerguelen archipelago. Rep. B.A.N.Z. antarct. Exped., Ser. A: 129-142.

Cookson IC 1950. Fossil pollen grains of Proteaceous type from Tertiary deposits in Australia. Aust. J. Sci. Res., Ser. B, Biol. Sci., 3 (2): 166-177.

Couper RA 1953. Upper Mesozoic and Cainozoic spores and pollen grains from New Zealand. N. Z. geol. Surv. paleont. Bull., 22: 1-17.

Couper RA 1958. British Mesozoic microspores and pollen grains, a systematic and stratigraphic study. Palaeontographica, 103B: 75-179.

Dettmann ME 1963. Upper Mesozoic microfloras from south-eastern Australia. Proc. R Soc. Vict., 77 (1): 1-148.

Dutta SK & Sah SCD 1970. Palynostratigraphy of the Tertiary sedimentary formations of Assam-5. Stratigraphy and palynology of South Shillong Plateau. Palaeontographica 131B (1-4): 1-62.

Elsik WC 1968. Palynology of a Paleocene Rockdale lignite, Milam County, Texas 1. Morphology and taxonomy. Pollen Spore 10 (2): 263-314.

Erdtman G 1952. Pollen Morphology and Plan Taxonomy of Angiosperms. Stockholm.

Faegri K & Iversen J 1964. Textbook on Pollen Analysis. Copenhagen.

Germeraad JH, Hopping CA & Muller J 1968. Palynology of Tertiary sediments from tropical areas. Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol., 6 (3 & 4) 189-348.

Iversen J & Troels Smith J 1950. Pollen morfologiske definitioner og typer Danmarks Geol. Unders., 4 (8).

Hutchinson J 1967. The Genera of Flowering Plants (Angiosperms). Vol. II – Dicotyledons Oxford.

Jain KP & Kar RK 1979. Palynology of Neogene sediments around Quilon and Varkala, Kerala Coast, South India-1. Fungal remains. The Palaeobotanist 26 (2): 105-118. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1977.1052

Jones EL 1962. Palynology of the Midway-Wilcox boundary in south-central Arkansas. Trans. Gulf-Coast Assoc. geol. Soc., 12: 285-294.

Kar RK 1978. Palynostratigraphy of the Naredi (Lower Eocene) and the Harudi (Middle Eocene) Formations in the district of Kutch, India. The Palaeobotanist 25: 161-178. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1976.1007

Kar RK 1979. Palynological fossils from the Oligocene sediments and their biostratigraphy the district of Kutch, western India. The Palaeobotanist 26 (1): 16-49. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1977.1047

Krutzsch W 1959. Mikropalaontologische (sporenpalaontologische) Unterschungen in der Braunkohle des Geiseltales. Geologie, 21-22: 1-425.

Krutzsch W 1966. Zur Kinntnis der praquartaren periporaten Pollenformen. Geologie, 55: 16-71.

Langenheim JH, Hackner BL & Bartleit A 1967. Mangrove pollen at the depositional site of Oligo-Miocene amber from Chiapas, Mexico. Bot. Mus. Leaf. Harv. Univ., 21 (10): 289-324.

Mathur YK 1963. Studies in the fossil microflora of Kutch, India-1. On the microflora and the hystrichosphaerids in the gypseous shales (Eocene) of western Kutch, India. Proc. natn. Inst. Sci. India, 29B (3): 356-371.

Mathur YK 1966. On the microflora in the Supra Trappeans of western Kutch, India. Q. Jl geol. Min. metall. Soc. India, 38: 33-51.

Meyer BL 1956. Mikrofloritsche Untersuchugen an jungteriaren Braunkohlen im ostlichen Bayern. Geol. Bav., 25: 100-128.

Muller J 1968. Palynology of the Pedewan and Plateau sandstone formation (Cretaceous-Eocene) in Sarawak, Malayasia. Micropaleontology, 14 (1): 1-37.

Nagy E 1963. Occurrence of the genus Ephedripites in the Neogene of Hungary. Grana Palynol., 4 (2): 277-280.

Nair PKK & Sharma M 1962. Pollen grains of Indian plants. IV. Leguminosae (Part-1). Bull, natn. bot. Gdn, 65: 1-37.

Nandi B 1972. Some observation on the microflora of Middle Siwalik sediments of Mohand (East) field, Himachal Pradesh. Proc. Sem. Palaeopalynol. Indian Stratgr. Calcutta, 1971, :375-383.

Nandi B 1975. Palynostratigraphy of the Group of Panjab. Him. Geol., 5: 411-424.

Nayar BK & Devi S 1966. Spore morphology of the Pteridaceae-1. The pteridoid ferns. Grana palynol., 6 (3): 476-502.

Pflanzi G 1956. Das alter der Braunkohlen des Meissners, der Floze 2 und 3 des Hirschberges und eines benachbarten Kohlenlagers bei Laudenbach. Notizbl. Hess. Landesmt., 84: 232-244.

Pierce RL 1961. Lower Upper Cretaceous plant microfossils from Minnesota. Bull. geol. Surv Min. Univ., 42: 1-86.

Potonie R 1956. Synopsis der Gattungen der Sporae dispersae 1. Teil: Sporites. Beih. geol. Jb., 23: 1-103.

Potonie R 1960. Synopsis der Gattungen der Sporae dispersae III. Teil: Nachtrage Sporites, Fortsetzung Pollenites mit generalregister zu Teil I-III. Beih. Geol. Jb., 39: 1-189.

Potonie R 1966. Synopsis der Gattungen der Sporae dispersae IV, Teil: Nachtrage zu allen Gruppen (Turmae). Beih. geol. Jb., 72: 1-244.

Potonie R 1970. Synopsis der Gattungen der Sporae dispersae V. Teil: Nachtrage zu allen Gruppen (Turmae). Beih. geol. Jb., 87: 1-172.

Potonie R & Gelletich J 1933. Uber Pteridophyten-Sporen einer eozaner Braunkohle aus Dorog in Ungarn. S.B. Gesch. naturf. Fr. Berl., 33: 517-526.

Potonie R & Sah SCD 1961. Sporae dispersae of the lignites from Cannanore beach on the Malabar coast of India. The Palaeobotanist 7 (2): 121-135. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1958.578

Ramanujam CGK 1960. Some pteridophytic spores from the Warkalli lignite in South India with special reference to those of Schizaeaceae. J. Indian bot. Soc., 39 (1): 46-55.

Ramanujam CGK 1966. Palynology of the Miocene lignite from South Arcot District, Madras, India. Pollen Spores, 8 (1): 149-203.

Ramanujam CGK 1972. Revision of pteridophytic spores from the Warkalli lignite of South India. Proc. Sem. Palaeopalynol. Indian Stratgr., Calcutta 1971: 248-254.

Ramanujam CGK & Rao KP 1973. On some microthyriaceous fungi from a Tertiary lignite of South India. The Palaeobotanist 20 (2): 203-209. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1971.897

Rao KP & Ramanujam CGK in Press. Palynology of the Neogene Quilon beds of Kerala State in South India-1. Spores of pteridophytes and pollen of monocotyledons. The Palaeobotanist 25: 397-427. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1976.1027

Rao AR & Vimal KP 1952. Tertiary pollen from lignites from Palana (Eocene), Bikaner. Proc. natn. Inst. Sci. India, 18B: 595-601.

Rowley JR 1960. Fine structure of the pollen grain-wall in the Gramineae. Abstr. int. bot. Congr., 2: 336.

Sah SCD & Dutta SK 1966. Palynostratigraphy of the sedimentary formations of Assam-1. Stratigraphical position of the Cherra Formation. The Palaeobotanist 15 (1-2): 72-86. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1966.750

Sah SCD & Kar RK 1969. Pteridophytic spores from the Laki Series of Kutch, Gujarat, India, pp. 109-121 in Santapau H. et al. (Eds) – J. Sen Mem. Vol. Bot. Soc. Bengal, Calcutta.

Sah SCD & Kar RK 1970. Palynology of the Laki sediments in Kutch-3. Pollen from the bore-holes around Jhulrai, Baranda and Panandhro. The Palaeobotanist 18 (2): 127-142. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1969.826

Sah SCD & Kar RK 1974. Palynology of the Tertiary sediments of Palana, Rajasthan. The Palaeobotanist 21 (2): 163-188. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1972.1479

Sah SCD, Kar RK & Singh RY 1971. Stratigraphic range of Dandotiaspora gen. nov. in the Lower Eocene sediments of India. Geophytology, 1 (1): 54-63.

Salujha SK, Kindra GS & Rehman K 1974. Palynology of the South Shillong Front, Part II. – The Palaeogene of Khasi and Jaintia Hills. The Palaeobotanist 21 (3): 267-284. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1972.1490

Selling OH 1944. Studies in the recent and fossil species of Schizea, with particular reference to their spore characters. Meddn. Gotborg, bot. trad., 16: 1-112.

Takahashi K 1964. Sporen und Pollen und oberkretazeischer Hakobouchi-Schichtengruppe, Hokkaido. Mem. Fac. Sci. Kyushu Univ., Ser. D. Geol., 14 (3): 159-271.

Thanikaimoni G 1970. Les Palmiers: Palynologie et Systematique. Inst. Franc. Pondichery, 11: 1-286.

Thiergart F 1937. Die pollen-flora der Nie-derlausitzer Braunkohle, Besondern in Profil der Grube Marga bei Senftenberg. Jb. preuss. geol.Landst., 58.

Thiergart F & Frantz U 1962. Some spores and pollen grains from the Tertiary brown coal of Neyveli. The Palaeobotanist 11: 43-45. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1962.620

Tsukada M 1963. Pollen morphology and identification 1. Eucaesalpinieae. Pollen Spores, 5 (2): 239-284.

Van der Hammen & 1954. El Desarrollo de la Flora colombiana en los periodos Geologicos 1. Maestrichtiano Hasta Terciario mas inferior. Boln. geol. Bogota, 11 (1): 49-106.

Van der Hammen T 1956. A palynological systematic nomenclature. Boln. Geol. Bogota, 4 (2 & 3): 63-101.

Van der Hammen T & Wymstra TA 1964. A paxynological study of the Tertiary and Upper Cretaceous of British Guiana. Leid. Geol. Meded., 38: 37-48.

Van Hoeken-Klinkenberg PMJ 1964. Palynological investigation of some Upper Cretaceous sediments in Nigeria. Pollen spores, 6 (1): 209-231.

Van Hoeken-Klinkenberg PMJ 1966. Maastrichtian, Palaeocene and Eocene pollen and spores from Nigeria. Leid. Geol. Meded., 38: 37-48.

Venkatachala BS & Kar RK 1969. Palynology of the Tertiary sediments of Kutch-1. Spores and pollen from bore-hole no. 14. The Palaeobotanist 17 (2): 157-178. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1968.792

Venkatachala BS & Rawat MS 1973. Palynology of the Tertiary sediments in the Cauvery basin-2. Oligocene-Miocene palynoflora from the subsurface. The Palaeobotanist 20 (2): 238-263. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1971.902

Vimal KP 1952. Spores and pollen from Tertiary lignites from Dandot, West Punjab (Pakistan). Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., 36 (4): 135-147.

Vimal KP 1953. Tertiary spores and pollen from Warkalli lignites, Travancore. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., 38 (5): 195-210.

Vishnu-Mittre & Sharma BD 1962. Studies of Indian pollen grains. Leguminosae. Pollen Spores, 4: 5-45.

Wymstra TA 1971. The palynology of the Guiana coastal basin. Ph.D. Thesis: 1-62.

Downloads

Published

1978-12-31

How to Cite

Kar, R., & Jain, K. (1978). Palynology of Neogene sediments around Quilon and Varkala, Kerala Coast, South India - 2. Spores and pollen grains. Journal of Palaeosciences, 27(1-3), 113–131. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1978.1082

Issue

Section

Research Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >>