Palaeoenvironments during holocene time in Bengal basin, India as reflected by palynostratigraphy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1978.1084Keywords:
Palynostratigraphy, Palaeoenvironments, West Bengal, India, HoloceneAbstract
This study incorporates the results of pollen analyses of one profile each from Kolara, Barrackpore, Namkhana and Chaltiya in the Bengal Basin. The pollen diagrams have been translated in terms of past vegetation and on the basis of changes in the plant communities, the biostratigraphical zonation could be possible. The palaeo-temperatures, subsidence and/or submergence of forest between 7,000-5,000 years B.P. have been concluded.
Radiocarbon dating has revealed that the process of peatification in the basin took place between 5,000-2,000 years B.P. The lithostratigraphic evidences have further revealed that the maximum peatification took place in the west and east of Calcutta. The peat beds had begun to reduce towards north and south of Calcutta and ultimately disappeared in the extreme north and south, indicating the environs being not conducive for peatification.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Anonymous 1971. Code of Stratigraphic Nomenclature of India. Geol. Surv. India Miscell. Publn, no. 20.
Bagchi K 1944. The Ganges Delta, Calcutta. Univ. press. Calcutta. 157p.
Banerjee B 1964. Morphological regions of West Bengal. Geog. Rev. India, 26: 119-128.
Brandis D 1906. Indian Trees. Dehradun.
Champion HG & Seth SK 1968. A Revised Survey of the Forest Types of India. Delhi.
Chanda S 1974. Late Quaternary vegetational history of eastern region, pp. 651-656 in K.R. Surange et al. (Eds.) – Aspects and Appraisal of Indian Palaeobotany. Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, Lucknow.
Chanda S & Mukherjee BB 1969. Radiocarbon dating of two microfossiliferous Quaternary deposits in and around Calcutta. Sci. Cult., 35: 275-276.
Das P 1961. Recent microscopic flora form Bengal delta. India. Micropalaeontology, 7 (1): 87-94.
East SE 1818. Abstract of an account, “containing the particulars of a boring made near the river Hooghly, in the vicinity of Calcutta from May to July 1814 inclusive in search of a spring of pure water”. Asiat. Res., 12: 544-547.
Erdtman G 1943. An Introduction to Pollen Analysis. Waltham, Mass., U.S.A.
Erdtman G 1952. Pollen Morphology and Plant Taxonomy of anigiosperms. Stockholm & New York.
Firbas F 1937. Der pollenanalytiche Nachweis des Getreidebaus. Z. Bot., 31.
Ghosh AK 1941. Submerged forest in Calcutta. Sci. Cult., 6: 669-670.
Ghosh AK 1964. A Study of Calcutta peat and associated sediments. Indian Jour. Power & River Valley Development.: 14-21.
Ghosh SS 1957. Studies on buried woods. 1. Heritiera spp. From the so-called bed near Calcutta. J. Timber Dryers’ & Preservers’ Assoc., 3: 12-15.
Ghosh SS & Negi BS 1958. Occurrence of Carapa spp. In the so-called Calcutta peat bed near Calcutta. Curr. Sci., 27 (9): 359-360.
Gupta HP 1970. Fungal remains from Bengal peat. Curr. Sci., 39 (10): 236-237.
Gupta HP 1978. Bilological degradation of trilete fern spores from Holocene of Bengal, India. Geophtology, 8 (1): 125-126.
Hedberg DH 1976. International Stratigraphic Guide. New York.
Mallik N 1969. Microfloristic studies of Calcutta peat, sp. 153-160 in H. Santapau et al. (Eds.) – J. Sen Memorial Volume. Bot. Soc. Bengal, Calcutta.
Morgan JP & McIntire WG 1959. Quaternary geology of the Bengal Basin, E. Pakistan and India. Bull. geol. Soc. Amer., 70 (3): 319-342.
Mukherjee BB 1969. Wood anatomy of a new mangrove and other plants (recent and fossil). Trans. Bose Res. Inst., 32: 59-63.
Mukherjee BB 1972a. Quaternary pollen analysis as possible indicator of prehistoric agriculture in deltaic part West Bengal, India. J. Palynol., 8: 144-151.
Mukherjee BB 1972b. Pollen analysis of a few Quaternary deposits of Lower Bengal Basin, pp. 357-374 in A. K. Ghosh et al. (Eds) – Proceedings of the Seminar on Palaeopalynology and Indian Stratigraphy, 1971. Bot. Dept., Calcutta Univ., Calcutta.
Niyogi D., Sarkar SK & Mallik S 1970. Geomorphic mapping in plants of West Bengal, India. Proc. 21st Internatn. Geogr. Congr., 1. New Delhi.
Oldham RD 1893. A Manual of the Geology of India, 2nd Edition, Calcutta.
Rao TA, Mukherjee AK & Banerjee LK 1973. Is Acrostichum aureum L. truly a mangrove fern? Curr. Sci., 42 (15): 546-547.
Rao TA & Sastry ARK 1974. An ecological approach towards classification of coastal vegetation of India II. Estuarine border vegetation. Indian Forester, 100 (7): 438-452.
Rizvi AIH 1955. Ph. D. Thesis, In Morgan and McIntire (1959). Lousiana State University.
Santapau H & Henry AN 1973. A Dictionary of the Flowering plants in India. New Delhi.
Sen Gupta S 1966. Geological and geophysical studies in western part Bengal Basin, India. Bull. Am. Ass. Petrol. Geol., 50: 1001-1017.
Smith BR 1841. On the structure of the delta of the Ganges as exhibited by the boring operations in Fort Williams, A.D. 1836-40. Calcutta Jour. Nat. Hist., 1: 324-343.
Spate OHK 1954. India and Pakistan, A General and Regional Geography, London, Methuen & Co.
Vishnu-Mittre 1968. Protohistoric records of agriculture in India. Trans. Bose Res. Inst., 31 (3): 87-106.
Vishnu-Mittre & Gupta HP 1972. Pollen analytical study of Quaternary deposits in Bengal Basin. The Palaeobotanist 19 (3): 297-306. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1970.880
Wadia DN 1966. Geology of India. 3rd Edition, London.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.