Himalaya: Geological aspect

Anshu K. Sinha; Rajeev Upadhyay

doi:10.54991/jop.1995.1198

Authors

Anshu K. Sinha Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, 33 General Mahadeo Singh Road, Dehradun 248001, India
Rajeev Upadhyay Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, 33 General Mahadeo Singh Road, Dehradun 248001, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1995.1198

Keywords:

Geology, Seismicity, Tectonic activity, Himalaya (India)

Abstract

In the present communication a generalized account of geology of the Himalaya has been discussed. This communication is rather an exercise for a beginning which should not be treated as a research note but a simplified version, taken from different published notes. Himalaya is beautiful but environmentally fragile, youngest mountain belt, prone to ecological unstability, intense seismicity but dotted with diverse mineral wealth of both non-renewable and renewable types. Hence, it is still an enigma to understand the mystery of Himalaya.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Argand E 1924. La tectonique de l'Asie C.R.B. Cong. Int., 169-371.

Burg JP 1992. Himalayan orogen and global tectonics seen from the Tsangpo Suture Zone of Tibet (China). In Sinha AK (Editor) - Himalayan orogen and global tectonics: 35-44. Oxford and IBH Publ. Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

Burrard SG & Hayden HH 1907. A sketch of the geography and geology of the Himalayan mountains and Tibet, Part-1: The high peaks of Asia. Govt. of India Press, Calcutta.

Das D. Mehra G, Rao, KGC, Roy AL & Narayana MS 1979. Bouguer, free-air and magnetic anomalies over north-western Himalayas. Geol. Surv. India, Misc. Publ. 41(5): 141-148.

Gansser A 1964. Geology of the Himalayas. Interscience, New York.

Gansser A 1982. The morphogenic phase of mountain building. In Hsu K (Editor) - Mountain building processes: 211-288. Academic Press. London.

Heim A & Gansser A 1939. Central Himalaya, geological observations of the Swiss expedition 1936. Mem. Soc. Helv. Sci. Nat. 73(1): 1-245.

Hirn E 1988. Features of the crust-mantle structure of Himalayas Tibet: A comparison with seismic traverses of Alpine, Pyrenean and Variscan orogenic belts. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 326: 17-32.

Kumar R 1985. Fundamentals of historical geology and stratigraphy of India. Wiley Eastern, New Delhi.

Kumar R, Ghosh SK & Phadtare NR (Editors) - 1994. Siwalik foreland basin of Himalaya. Himalayan Geology, 15. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

Loczy L von 1907. Beobachtungen in Ostlichen Himalaya (Vom 8. bis 28 Febr. 1978). Foldr, Kozlem, 35(9): 1-24.

Molnar P 1988. A review of geophysical constraints on the deep structure of the Tibetan Plateau, the Himalaya and the Karakoram, and their tectonic implications. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A326: 33-88.

Oschak Blanche, Gansser A & Buhrer Emil M 1987. Himalayas (Growing mountains, living myths, migrating peoples). Motovum (Switzerland) co-publishing Co., Ltd., Lucerne.

Pande IC 1991.Tectonic and metamorphic investigations of Kumaun-Garhwal-Himachal Lesser Himalaya. Today & Tommorow's Printers & Pub.. New Delhi.

Reuber I, Colchan M & Mevel C 1992. Spongtang ophiolite and ophiolitic melange of the Zanskar NW Himalaya tracing the geodynamic evolution of the closing Tethys in the Upper cretaceous. In Sinha AK (Editor) - Himalayan orogen and global tectonics: 235-266. Oxford & IBH Publ. Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi,

Searle MP 1991. Geology and tectonics of the Kurokorum mountains. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester.

Sinha AK 1977. A discovery of barite and associated polymetallic mineralised zone in Tethyan zone of Higher Garhwal and Kumaun Himalaya. Him. Geol. 7:456-463.

Sinha AK 1981. Geology and tectonics of the Himalayan region of Ladakh. Himachal, Garhwal, Kumaun and Arunachal Pradesh: A review. In Gupta HK & Delany FM (Editors) - Zagros, Hindukush, Himalaya geodynamic evolution, 3: 122-148. American Geophysical Union, Washington.

Sinha AK 1989. Geology of the higher central Himalaya. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, U.K.

Sinha AK 1992. Himalayan mountain building and the tectonic processes involved in it. In: Sinha AK (Editor) - Himalayan orogen and global tectonics: 1-18. Oxford & IBH Publ. Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

Sinha AK (Editor) 1992. Himalayan orogen and global tectonics. Oxford & IBH Publ. Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

Sinha AK & Mishra Meenal 1992. Emplacement of the ophiolitic melange along continental collision zone of Indus Suture Zone in Ladakh Himalaya, Indi: J. Him. Geol. 3(2): 179-189.

Sinha AK & Upadhyay Rajeev 1993. Mesozoic Neo-Tethyan preoroganic deep marine sediments along the Indus-Yarlung Suture, Himalaya. Terra Nova 5: 271-281.

Sinha AK & Upadhyay Rajeev 1994. Tectonic setting and preoroganic sedimentation in the Indus-Tsangpo (Yarlung) Suture Zone of Ladakh Himalaya, India. J. Southeast Asian Earth Sci. (in press).

Thakur VC 1981. Regional framework and geodynamic evolution of the Indus Tsangpo Suture Zone in Ladakh Himalayas. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb Earth Sci. 72: 89-97.

Thakur VC 1992. Geology of western Himalaya. Pergamon Press, Oxford, 366 pp.

Upadhyay Rajeev & Sinha AK 1994. Siliceous deposits of ophiolitic melange zore, Indus Suture, Ladakh Himalaya, India. Jour. Him. Geol. 4(2) (in press).

Valdiya KS 1980a. Geology of the Kumaun Lesser Himalaya. Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun, India.

Valdiya KS 1980b The two intracrustal boundary thrusts of the Himalaya. Tectonophysics 66: 323-348.

Valdiya KS 1984. Aspects of tectonics: Focus on south central Asia. Tata McGraw Hill Publ. Co. Ltd., New Delhi.

Valdiya KS 1988. Tectonics and evolution of the central sector of the Himalaya. Phil. Trans. R. Soc., London A326: 151-175.

von Kraft A 1904. Notes on the "Exotic Blocks" of Malla Johar, Mem. geol. Surv. India 32(3): 127-183.

Wadia DN 1957. Geology of India. Mcmillan & Co., India, 3rd edn.