Plant tissue culture and biotechnology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1997.1357Keywords:
Tissue culture, Haploids, Triploids, Micropropagation, Fertilization Control, BiotechnologyAbstract
Plant tissue culture has progressed steadily ever since its inception in 1902. The initial experiments related to various tissues that could sustain prolonged in vitro conditions. The differential response of the cultured tissues under variable chemical milieu provided the necessary impetus to utilize the technique in a profitable manner. Over the years efficacy of the technique became apparent when noticeable in vitro morphogenic responses could be used to unravel the mysteries of growth and differentiation. Expectedly, therefore, any morphogenic event expressed in vitro could be correlated to the specific components of the nutritive medium.
By the 1970s the applicability of the technique came to be realized with the possibility of exploring somatic hybridization, micropropagation of recalcitrant species, haploid, and triploid plants, and finally genetic manipulations. Today, plant tissue culture has become an integral part of biotechnology and is being routinely employed for the improvement of crops and legumes- the backbone of human nutrition that can also aid in the amelioration of malnutrition of millions of sufferers. The ultimate success with the transfer of 'nif’-gene to non-leguminous plants would help save millions of dollars in chemical fertilizers which can then be profitably used for the welfare of the human race.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Baldev B 1959. In vitro responses of growth and development in Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. Phytomorphology 9: 316-319.
Bayliss MW 1980. Chromosomal variation in plant tissues in culture. In: Vasil IK (Editor) - Int. Review of Cytology. Suppl IIA. Perspectives in plant cell and tissue culture: 113-114. Academic Press, New York.
Berlyn J 1984. Plant cell cultures-A future source of natural products? Endeavour n.ser. 8: 5-8.
Beiderbeck R & Knoop B 1988. Enhanced production of secondary substances: Addition of artificial accumulation sites of cultures. In: Bajaj YPS (Editor)-Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry, medicinal and aromatic plants I. 4: 11-12. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Bhojwani SS 1966. Morphogenetic behaviour of mature endosperm of Croton bonplandianum in culture. Phytomorphology 16: 349-353.
Bitters WP, Murashige T, Rangan TS & Nauer E 1972. Investigations on established virus-free Citrus plants through tissue culture. In: Price WC (Editor) - Proc. 5th Int. Conf. Organ Citrus Virologists: 267-271. Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
Button J & Bornman CH 1971. Development of nucellar plants from unpollinated and unfertilized ovules of Washington Navel orange in vitro J. S. Afr. Bot. 37: 127-134.
Carlson S, Smith HH & Dearing RD 1972. Parasexual interspecific plant hybridization. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 69: 2292-2294.
Chasan R 1992. Frontiers in fertilization. Plant Cell 4: 369-372.
Chasan R 1993. Test-tube plants: The first of a new crop? Plant Cell 5: 718- 719.
Cheuca M-C, Cauderon Y & Tampe J 1977. Technique d'obtention d'hybrides Ble tendre x Aegilops par culture in vitro d'embryons immatures. Ann. Amelior Plantes 27: 537-719.
Chopra RN 1958. In vitro culture of ovaries of Althaea rosea Cav. In: P. Maheshwari P (Editor) - Modern developments in plant physiology 87-89. Univ. of Delhi.
Chopra RN 1962. Effect of some growth substances and calyx on fruit and seed development of Althaea rosea Cav. In: Symp. Plant embryology: 170-181. CSIR, New Delhi.
Chopra RN & Sabharwal PS 1963. In vitro culture of ovules of Gynandropeis gynandra (L.) Brig. and Impatiens balsamia L. in: Maheshwari P & Rangaswamy NS (Editors) - Symp. Plant tissue and organ culture. Int. Soc. Plant Morphologists, Delhi Univ.
Cocking EC 1972. Plant cell protoplasts-Isolation and development. Rev. Plant Physiol. 23:29-50.
Collins GB, Legg PD & Kasperbater MJ 1974. Use of anther-derived haploids in Nicotiana: Isolation of breeding lines differing in total alkaloid content. Crop Sci. 14: 77-80.
Corduan G & Spix C 1978. Anther culture of a hybrid of the ger Hyoscyamus. A rapid method to obtain homozygous recombinants In: Alfermann AW & Reinhard E (Editors) - Production of natural compounds by cell culture method. 295-302. Symp. Plant celi culture, Munich.
DeKlerk GJ 1990. How to measure somaclonal variations. Acta bot. neerl. 39: 129-144.
DeMaggio AE & Wetmore RH 1961. Morphogenetic studies on the fem Todea barbara: Experimental embryology. Am. J. Bot. 48: 551-56.
Dolezel J, Novak FJ & Luzny J 1980. Embryo development and in vitro culture of Allium cepa and its interspecific hybrids. Z. Pflanzenzüg 85: 177-184.
Eid AA, Delanghe E & Waterkyn L 1973. In vitro culture of fertilized cotton ovules: The growth of cotton embryo. Cellule 69: 361-371.
Faure JE, Mogensen L, Dumas C, Lorz H & Kranz E 1993. Karyogamy after electrofusion of single egg and sperm cell protoplasts from maize; cytological evidence and time course. Plant Cell 5: 747-755.
Gautheret RJ 1934. Culture du tissue cambial. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 198: 2195-2196.
Gautheret RJ 1939. Sur la possibilite de realiser la culture indefinite des tissus de tubercules de carotte. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 208: 118-120.
George EF & Sherrington PD 1984. Plant propagation by tissue culture: Handbook and Directory of Commercial Laboratories: 88-118. England.
Goodman B 1993. A 'shotgun wedding' finally produces test-tube plants. Science 261:430.
Goodsell SF 1961. Male sterility in corn by androgenesis. Crop Sci. 1: 227- 228.
Guha Sipra & Johri BM 1966. In vitro development of ovary and ovule of Allium cepa L. Phytomorphology 16: 353-364.
Guha Sipra & Maheshwari SC 1964. In vitro production of embryos from anthers of Datura. Nature 204: 497.
Gulati A, Bharel S, Abidin MZ, Jain SJ & Srivastava PS 1996. In vitro micropropagation and flowering in Artemisia annua. J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 5: 31-35.
Gupta N, Jain SK & Srivastava PS 1996. In vitro micropropagation of a multipurpose leguminous tree-Delonix regia. Phytomorphology 64: 267-275.
Gupta PK, Nadgir AL, Mascarenhas AF & Jagannathan V 1980. Tissue culture of forest trees: Clonal multiplication of Tectona grandis L. (Teak) by tissue culture. Plant Sci. Lett. 17: 259-268.
Gupta PK, Mascarenhas AF & Jagannathan V 1981. Tissue culture of forest trees: Clonal propagation of mature trees of Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. by tissue culture. Plant Sci. Lest 20:195-201.
Haberlandı G 1902. Cultureversuche mit isolierten pflanzenzellen. Sitzungsber, Math. Naturwiss KIKais Akad Wiss., Wien. 111: 69-92.
Haccicus B, Hausner G 1976. Ein transplantics-barer embryogener Callus aus Nucellusgenweb von Cynanchum vincetoxicum und die Rolle gloubularer Vorstadien in der Entwicklungsgeschichte nichtzygotischer Embryonen. Protoplasma 90 265-282.
Hannig E 1904. Zur Physiologic pflanzlicher Brabryonen. I. Uber die kultur von Crucifere-Embryonen aurserhalb des Embryosacks. Bot. Ztg 62: 45-80.
Hoffmann E 1978. Mutation and selection of haploici cell culture systems of rape and rye. Im Alfermann AW & Reinhard E (Editors) - Production of natural compounds by cell cultura methods: 319-329. Int. Symp. Plant Cell Culture, Munich.
Iriving GW & Herrie HT 1949. Antibiotics. Chemical Publ. Co., Inc, Booklyn, USA.
Ito I 1961. In vitro culture of ovary and seed in orchids. Pb.D. Thesis. Kyoto Prefect Univ., Kyoto, Japan.
Ito I 1966. In vitro culture of orchids. (I) Effects of sugar, peptone, and coconut milk upon the growth of ovary of Dendrobium mobile. Sci. Rep. Kyoto Prefect Univ. Agric. 18: 38-50.
Ivanicka J & Pretova A 1980. Embryo culture and micropropagation of cherries in vitro. Scient. Hortic. 12: 77-82.
Johri BM 1971. Embryogenesis in tissue cultures. In: Les Cultures de Tissue de Plantes: 260-289. CNRS, Paris, No. 193.
Johri BM & Bajaj YPS 1963. In vitro response of the embryo of Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f.) Ettings. In: Maheshwari P& Rangaswamy NS (Editors) - Symp plant tissue and organ culture: 292-301. Int. Soc. Plant Morphologists, Univ. of Delhi.
Johri BM & Bhojwani SS 1965. Growth responses of mature endosperm in cultures. Nature 208: 1345-1347.
Johri BM & Sehgal CB 1966. Chemical induction of polyembryony in Anethum graveolens L. Naturwissenschaften 50: 47-48.
Johri BM & Srivastava PS 1973. Morphogenesis in endosperm cultures. Z. Pflanzenphysiol 70: 285-304.
Jones M 1988. Fusing plant protoplasts. TIBTECH 6: 153-158.
Kanta K & Maheshwari P 1963. Intraovarian pollination in some Papaveraceae. Phytomorphology 13: 230-237.
Kanta K, Rangaswamy NS & Maheshwari P 1962. Test-tube fertilization in a flowering plant. Nature 194: 1214-1271.
Karp A, Wu QS, Steels SH & Jones MGK 1987. Chromosome variation in dividing protoplasts and cell suspensions of wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet. 74: 140-146.
Kermicle JL 1973. Androgenesis and the indeterminate gametophyte mutation: Source of the cytoplasm. Maize Genet. Cytol. 17: 655-666.
Kobayashi 5 1987. Uniformity of plant regenerated from orange-protoplasts. Theor. Appl. Genet. 74: 10-14.
Konar RN & Nataraja K 1965. Experimental studies in Ranunculus sceleratus L. in vitro. Acta bor. Neerl. 18: 680-699.
Konar RN & Nataraja K 1969. In vitro control of floral morphogenesis in Ranunculus sceleratus L. Phytomorphology 14: 558-563.
Kranz E & Dresselhaus T 1996. In vitro fertilization with isolated higher plant gametes. Trends Plant Sci. Rev. 1: 82-89.
Kranz E & Lōrz H 1990. In vitro fertilization of single, isolated gametes, transmission of cytoplasmic organelles and cell reconstitution of maize (Zea mays L.): In: Nijkamp HJJ, Van der Plas LHW & Van Aartrijk (Editors) - Progress in plant cellular and molecular biology. VII. 24-29. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordercht (Netherlands).
Kranz E & Lorz H 1993. In vitro fertilization with isolated, single gametes results in zygotic embryogenesis and fertile maize plants. Plant Cell 5: 739-746.
Kranz E & Lorz H 1994. In vitro fertilization of maize by single egg and sperm cell protoplast fusion mediated by high calcium and high pH. Zygote 2: 125-128.
Kranz E, Bautor J & Lorz H 1991. Electrofusion-mediated transmission of cytoplasmic organelles through the in vitro fertilization process, fusion of sperm cells with synergids and central cells, and cell reconstitution in maize. Sex Plant Reprod. 4: 17-21.
Laibach F 1925. Das Taubwerden von Bastardsamen und die kunstliche Aufzucht fruh absterbender bastardembryonen. Z. Bot. 17: 417-459.
Laibach F & Kribben FJ 1949. Der Einfluss von Wuchsstoft auf die Bildung Mannlicher und Weiblicher Buten bei eier Monozischen Pflanze (Cucumis sativus L.). Ber. dtsch Bot. Ges. 62: 53-55.
LaRue CD 1942. The rooting of flowers in culture. Bull. Torrey bot. Club 69: 332-341.
LaRue CD 1947. Growth and regeneration of the endosperm of maize in culture. Am. J. Bot. 34: 585-568.
LaRue CD 1954. Studies on growth and regeneration in gametophytes and sporophytes of gymnosperms. Brookhaven Symp. Biol. 6: 187-208.
Maheshwaran G & Williams EG 1987. Uniformity of plants regenerated by direct somatic embryogenesis from zygotic embryos of Trifolium repens. Ann. Bot. (London) 59: 93-97.
Maheshwari Nirmala 1958. In vitro culture of excised ovules of Papaver somniferum. Science 127: 342.
Maheshwari P & Kanta K 1964. Control of fertilization. In: Linskens HF (Editor)-Pollen physiology and fertilization: 187-194. North-Holland Publ., Amsterdam.
Maheshwari P & Lal M 1961. In vitro culture of excised ovules of Papaver somniferum L. Phytomorphology 11: 307-314.
Maheshwari P & Rangaswamy NS 1965. Embryology in relation to physiology and genetics. In: Preston RD (Editor) - Advances in Botanical Research 2: 219-321. Academic Press, London.
Maliga P, Sz-Breznovits A & Marton L 1973. Streptomycin-resistant plants from callus culture of haploid tobacco. Nature (New Biol.) 244: 29- 30.
Mantell SH, Matthews JA & Mckee RA 1985. Principles of plant biotechnology-An introduction of genetic engineering in plants. Blackwell Sci. Pub. Oxford, London, Edinburg.
Masuda K, Koda Y & Okazawa Y 1978. Callus formation and embryogenesis of endosperm tissue of parsley seed cultured on hormone-free medium. Physiol. Plantarum 41: 135-138.
Mauney JR 1961. The culture in vitro of immature cotton embryos. Bot. Gaz. 122: 205-209.
Melchers G 1977. Microbial techniques in somatic hybridization by fusion of protoplasts. In Brinkley BR & Porter KR (Editors) - Int. Cell Biol. 1976-1977: 207-215. Rockfeller Univ. Press, Boston, Mass, USA.
Melchers G, Sacristan MD & Holder AA 1978. Somatic hybrid plants of potato and tomato regenerated from fused protoplasts. Carlsberg Res. Commun. 43: 203-218.
Mitra GC & Chaturvedi HC 1972. Embryoids and complete plants from unpollinated ovaries and from ovules of in vivo-grown emasculated flower buds of Citrus spp. Bull Torrey bot. Club 99: 184-189.
Mu S, Liu S, Zhou Y, Qian N, Zhang P, Xie H, Zhang F & Yan Z 1977. Induction of callus from apple endosperm and differentiation of the endosperm plantlet. Sci. sin. 20: 370-377.
Mullins MG & Srinivasan C 1976. Somatic embryos and plantlets from an ancient clone of the grapevine (cv. Cabernet-sauvignon) by apomixis in vitro. J. Exp. Bot. 27: 1022-1030.
Murashige T & Skoog F 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plantarum 15: 473- 497.
Nag KK & Johri BM 1971 Morphogenic studies on endosperm of some parasitic angiosperms. Phytomorphology 21: 202-208.
Nakajima T 1962. Physiological studies of seed development, especially embryonic growth and endosperm development. Univ. Osaka Prefect ser. B 13: 13-48.
Nakano H, Tashiro T & Maeda E 1975. Plant differentiation in callus tissue induced from immature endosperm of Oryza sativa. Z Pflanzenphysiol. 76: 444-449.
Nickell LG 1952. Stimulation of plant growth by antibiotics. Proc. Soc. Ехр. Biol. Med. 80: 615.
Nitsch JP 1951. Growth and development in vitro of excised ovaries. Am. J. Bot. 38: 556-576.
Nitsch JP 1969. Experimental androgenesis in Nicotiana. Phytomorphology 19: 389-404.
Nobecourt P 1937. Cultures en serie de tissue Vegetaux sur milieu artificiel. C.R. Seanc, Soc. Bid. 205: 521.523.
North C 1975. Embryo culture as an aid to breeding in Lilium. Acta Hortic. 47: 187-191.
O'Connel MA, Hosticka LP & Hanson MR 1986. Examination of genome stability in cultured Lycopersicon. Plant Cell Rep. 5: 276-279.
Phillips R, Arnott SM & Kaplan SE 1981. Antibiotics in plant tissue culture: Rifampicin activity controls bacterial contaminants without effecting the growth of short-term explant cultures of Helianthus tuberosus. Plant Sci. Lett. 21: 235-240.
Pickering RA & Thomas HM 1979. Crosses between tetraploid barley and diploid rye. Plant Sci. Lett. 16: 291-296.
Power JB, Cummins SE & Cocking EC 1970. Fusion of isolated plant protoplasts. Nature 225: 1016-1018.
Prakash J & Pierik RLM (Editors) 1993. Plant biotechnology: Commercial prospects and problems 1-289. Oxford &1BH Publ Co. Pvt Ltd, New Delhi.
Purohit M, Pande D, Datta A & Srivastava PS 1995. In vitro flowering and high xanthotoxin in Ammi majus L. J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 4: 73-76.
Purohit SS 1994. Microbiology: Fundamentals and applications. Agro Botanical Publ., Bikaner (India).
Quak F 1977. Meristem culture and virus-free plants. In: Reinert J & Bajaj YPS (Editors) - Applied and fundamental aspects of plant cell, tissue and organ culture: 598-600. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
Rangan TS 1982. Ovary, ovule and nucellus culture. In Johri BM (Editor) -Experimental embryology of vascular plants: 105-130 Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York.
Rangan TS & Rangaswamy NS 1968. Morphogenic investigations on parasitic angiosperms. 1. Cistanche tubulosa (Orobanchaceae). Can. J. Bot. 46: 263-266.
Rangaswamy NS 1958. In vitro culture of nucellus and embryos of Citrus. In: Maheshwari P (Editor) - Proc. Symp. Modern developments in plant physiology: 104-106. Univ Delhi.
Rangaswamy NS & Shivanna KR 1971. Overcoming self-incompatibility in Petunia axillaris (Lam.) BSP.II. Placental pollination in vitro J. Indian bot. Soc. 50A: 286-296.
Rangaswamy NS & Shivanna KR 1975. Nucellus culture of two cucurbits - Luffa cylindrica and Trichosanthes anguina. Ann. Bot. (London) 39: 139-196.
Rao PS 1965. The in vitro fertilization and seed formation in Nicotiana rustica L. Phyton (Hungary) 2: 183-196.
Rau MA 1956. Studies on the growth in vitro of excised ovaries-I, Influence of colchicine on the embryo and endosperm in Pblox drummondi Hock. Phytomorphology 6: 90-96.
Ravishankar GA & Venkataraman LV 1993. Role of plant cell culture in food biotechnology: Current trends, limitations and future prospects. In: Prakash J & Pierik RLM (Editors) - Plant biotechnology: Commercial prospects and problems. 255-274. Oxford & IBH Publ Co. Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi.
Razdan MK 1995. An introduction to plant tissue culture. Oxford & IBH Publ Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
Russell SD 1992. Double fertilization. Int. Rev. Cytol. 140: 357-388.
Sachar RC & Kanta K1958. Influence of growth substances on artificially cultured ovaries of Tropaeolum majus L. Phytomorphology 8: 202- 218.
Sachar RC & Kapoor M 1959. In vitro culture of ovules of Zephyranthes. Phytomorphology 9: 147-156.
Sehgal CB 1972. In vitro induction of polyembryony in Ammi majus L. Curr. Sci. 411: 263-264.
Sharma DR, Chowdhury JB, Ahuja V & Dankhar BS 1980. Interspecific hybridization in genus Solanum- A cross between S. melongena and S. khasianum through embryo culture. Z. Pflanzenzutg 985: 248-253.
Shekhawat NS, Johri BM & Srivastava PS 1995. Morphogenesis and plant tissue culture. In: Johri BM (Editor) - Botany in India History and Progress 307-356. Oxford & IBH Publ. Co. Pvt Ltd, New Delhi.
Shivanna KR 1965. In vitro fertilization and seed formation in Petunia violacea Lindl. Phytomorphology 15: 183-185.
Siddiqui SA 1964. In vitro culture of ovules of Nicotiana tobacum L. var. NP 31. Naturwissenschaften 51: 517.
Skoog F & Miller CO 1975. Chemical regulation of growth and organ formation in plant tissues cultured in vitro. Symp. Soc. Exp. Biol. 11: 118-131.
Srivastava PS 1971. In vitro induction of triploid roots and shoots from mature endosperm of Jatropha panduraefolia. Z.Pflanzenphysiol. 66: 93-96.
Srivastava PS 1973. Formation of triploid 'plantlets' in endosperm cultures of Putranjiva roxburghii. Z. Pflanzenphysiol 69: 270-273.
Srivastava PS & Johri BM 1978. Pollen embryogenesis. J. Palynol. 23-24: 83-99.
Srivastava PS & Steinhauer A 1981a. Isozymes in differentiating shoot bud cultures of Betula pendula Roth. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 103: 341-346.
Srivastava PS & Steinhauer A 1981b. Regeneration of birch plants from catkin tissue cultures. Plant Sci. Lett. 22: 379-386.
Srivastava PS, Purohit M, Pande D & Datta A 1993. Phenotypic variation and alkaloid content in the androgenic plantlets of Datura innoxia. Phytomorphology 43: 209-216.
Stewart JMD 1981. In vitro fertilization and embryo rescue. Environ Exp. Bot. 21: 301-315.
Stoltz LP 1977. Growth regulator effects on growth and development of excised mature Iris embryo in vitro. Hortic. Sci. 12: 495-496.
Taira T & Larter EN 1978. Factors influencing development of wheat-rye hybrid embryos in vitro. Crop Sci. 18: 348-350.
Tamiya H 1959. Process of growth of Chlorella studied by the technique of synchronous culture. In: Symp. Algology: 1-10. New Delhi.
Thorpe TA 1980. Organogenesis in vitro: Structural, physiological and biochemical aspects. In: Vasil IK (Editor) - Perspective in plant cell and tissue culture. Suppl II A: 71-111. Academic Press, New York.
Tukey HB 1938. Growth patterns of plants developed from immature embryos in artificial culture. Bot. Gaz. 99: 630-665.
Tulecke W 1957. The pollen of Ginkgo biloba: In vitro culture and tissue formation. Am. J. Bot. 44: 602-608.
Uchimiya H, Kameya T & Takahashi N 1971. In vitro culture of unfertilized ovules in Solanum melongena and ovaries in Zea mays. Japan J. Breed. 21: 247-250.
Umiel N & Goldner R 1976. Effects of streptomycin on diploid tobacco callus cultures and the isolation of resistant mutants. Protoplasma 89: 83-89.
Vasil IK (Editor) 1980. International Review of Cytology. Suppl II A. Perspectives in plant cell tissue culture. Academic Press, New York.
Vasil IK & Nitsch C 1975. Experimental production of haploids and their uses. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 76: 191-212.
Vasil Vimla & Hildebrandt AC 1965. Differentiation of tobacco plants from single isolated cells in microculture. Science 150: 189-192.
Wernicke W, Harms CT, Lorz H & Thomas E 1978. Selective enrichment of embryogenic microspore populations. Naturwissenschaften 65: 540-541.
White PR 1932. Plant tissue culture: A preliminary report of results obtained in the culturing of certain plant meristems. Arch. Exp. Zellforsch. besconders Gewebeziich 12: 602-620.
White PR 1939. Controlled differentiation in a plant tissue culture. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 66: 507-513.
White PR 1954. The cultivation of animal and plant cells. Ronald Press, New York.
Zamski E & Umiel N 1978. Streptomycin resistance in tobacco. II. Effects of the drug on the ultrastructure of plastids and mitochondria in callus cultures. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 88: 317-325.
Zenkteler M 1970. Test-tube fertilization of ovules in Melandrium album Mill with pollen grains of Datura stramonium L. Experientia 26: 661-662.
Zenkteler M 1990. In vitro fertilization and wide hybridization in higher plants. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 9: 267-279.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
