Gymnospermous woods from the Late Cenozoic sediments of Rajasthan, western India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2011.182Keywords:
Fossil woods, Araucarioxylon, Podocarpoxylon, Late Cenozoic, Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, IndiaAbstract
The paper describes two gymnospermous woods, namely Araucarioxylon Kraus, 1870 and Podocarpoxylon Gothan, 1905 from the Late Cenozoic sediments (Shumar Formation) of district Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, western India. The woods indicate favourable climatic conditions for the growth of mesic vegetation in Rajasthan till Plio-Pleistocene time compared to the xeric vegetation and drier conditions in the area today.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Agashe SN 1969. Studies on the fossil gymnosperms of India-I. A new species of Mesembrioxylon, M. mahabalei sp. nov. Palaeobotanist 17: 312-316.
Bande MB & Prakash U 1984. A podocarpaceous fossil wood from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of Malabar Hills, Bombay. Geophytology 14: 171-178.
Bera S & Sen I 2004. Podocarpoxylon pantii sp. nov., first record of podocarpaceous wood from the Tertiary sediments of Bengal Basin, eastern India. In: Srivastava PC (Editor)—Vistas in Palaeobotany and Plant Morphology: Evolutionary and Environmental perspectives- Prof. D.D. Pant Memorial Vol.: 241-247, U.P. Offset, Lucknow.
Bhandari A 1999. Phanerozoic stratigraphy of western Rajasthan: A review. In: Kataria P (Editor)—Geology of Rajasthan status and perspective. Proceeding Sem. (A.B. Roy Felicitation volume): 126- 174.
Billimoria JJ 1948. A new species of Dadoxylon from C.P., Palaeobotany of India-VI. Journal of Indian Botanical Society 26: 260.
Biswas SK 1965. A new classification of Tertiary rocks of Kutch, western India. Bulletin of Geological Mining and Metallurgical Society India 35: 1-6.
Biswas SK 1971. Note on geology of Kutch. Bulletin of Geological Mining and Metallurgical Society India 43: 223-235.
Biswas SK & Raju DSN 1973. The rock stratigraphic classification of Tertiary sediments of Kutch. Bulletin of Oil and Natural Gas Corporation 10: 37-45.
Bose MN & Maheshwari HK 1974. Mesozoic conifers. In: Surange KR, Lakhanpal RN & Bharadwaj DC (Editors)—Aspects and Appraisal of Indian Palaeobotany: 212-223. Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, Lucknow.
Chase MW & Reveal JL 2009. A phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161: 122-127.
Dasgupta SK 1975. A revision of Mesozoic-Tertiary Stratigraphy of the Jaisalmer Basin, Rajasthan. Indian Journal of Earth Sciences 2: 77- 99.
Endlicher S 1847. Synopsis Coniferarum. Sangalli.
Gothän W 1905. Zur Anatomie lebender und fossiler, Gymnospermen Hölzer. Abh. K. Preuss. Geol. Landesanst 44: 1-108.
Greguss P 1955. Identification of living gymnosperms on the basis of xylotomy. Budapest.
Greguss P 1972. Xylotomy of the living Conifers. Budapest.
Guleria JS 1984. Occurrence of anacardiaceous woods in the Tertiary of western India. Palaeobotanist 32: 35-43.
Guleria JS 1990. Fossil dicotyledonous woods from Bikaner, Rajasthan, India. Geophytology 19: 182-188.
Guleria JS 1992a. A semi-ring porous fossil wood of Ziziphus from the Late Tertiary of Rajasthan. Palaeobotanist 39: 303-308.
Guleria JS 1992b. Neogene vegetation of peninsular India. Palaeobotanist 40: 285-311.
Guleria JS 1996. Occurrence of Dipterocarpus in the Mar Formation of Bikaner, Rajasthan, western India. Palaeobotanist 43: 49-53.
Harsh R & Sharma BD 1988. Araucarioxylon bikanerense sp. nov. from the Tertiary of Bikaner, Rajasthan. Phytomorphology 38: 111-115.
Harsh R & Sharma BD 1995. Petrified Tertiary woods from Bikaner (Rajasthan). Indian Journal of Earth Science 22: 104-109.
Harsh R, Sharma BD & Suthar OP 1993. Anatomy of petrified woods of Lecythidaceae and Combretaceae from Bikaner (Rajasthan), India. Phytomorphology 42: 87-102.
Heady RD, Banks JG & Evans PD 2002. Wood anatomy of Wollemi pine (Wollemia nobilis, Araucariaceae). IAWA J. 23: 339-357.
IAWA Committee 1989. IAWA list of microscopic features for hardwood identification. IAWA Bulletin. New Series 10: 219-332.
Kraus G (In: Schimper W, Ph.) 1870. Traite de Palaeontologie vegetale ou la Flore du Monde primitif dans es rapports aves les formations geoloqiques et la flore du Mande actuel 2. J. B. Bailliere et Fils, Paris.
Kräusel R 1949. Die fossilen koniferen-hölzer (unter ausschluus von Araucarioxylon Kraus) II. Teil. Kritische unterschungen Zur diagnostic lebender und fossiles koniferen-hölzer. Palaeontographica 89B: 83-203.
Lakhanpal RN, Guleria JS & Awasthi N 1975. A podocarpaceous wood from the Pliocene of Kutch. Geophytology 5: 172-177.
Lakhanpal RN, Guleria JS & Awasthi N 1984. The fossil floras of Kachchh. III-Tertiary megafossils. Palaeobotanist 33: 228-319.
Lakhanpal RN, Prakash U & Bande MB 1977. An araucarian fossil wood from the Deccan Intertrappean beds of Mohgaon Kalan. Palaeobotanist 24: 125-131.
Lepekhina VG 1972. Woods of Palaeozoic pycnoxylic gymnosperms with special reference to North Eurasian representatives. Palaeontographica 138B: 44-106.
Mabberley DJ 1997. The Plant Book II. A Portable Dictionary of Vascular Plants. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Mahabale TS & Rao SV 1973. Fossil flora of Rajahmundry area. Proc. Symp. Deccan Trap Country. Bulletin Indian National Science Academy 45: 192-214.
Mahabale TS & Satyanarayana T 1978. Fossil flora of Andhra Pradesh (India)-I. Petrified gymnospermous woods from Godavari District. Biovigyanam 4: 55-73.
Mehrotra RC & Mandaokar BD 2010. First record of gymnosperm wood from the Tertiary sediments of north-east India. Geophytology 38: 15-18.
Ramanujam CGK 1953. On two species of Mesembrioxylon from the vicinity of Pondicherry, south India. Palaeobotanist 2: 101-106.
Ramanujam CGK 1954. On some silicified woods from near Pondicherry, south India. Palaeobotanist 3: 40-50.
Sahni B 1931. Revision of Indian fossil plants, Part II. Coniferales (b. Petrifactions). Memoir Geological Survey of India. Palaeontologica indica N.S. 11: 51-124.
Sahni KC 1990. Gymnosperms of India and adjacent countries. Bishen Singh and Mahendra Pal Singh (Publisher), Dehradun.
Seward AC 1919. Fossil Plants. 4. New York, London.
Singh NP 1982. Subsurface post-Eocene deposits of Jaisalmer Basin Rajasthan. First National Seminar Quaternary Environment Recent Research. Geology 9: 234-243.
Srivastava GP & Prakash U 1984. Occurrence of araucarian wood from the Neogene of West Bengal, India. Palaeobotanist 32: 236-242.
Trivedi BS & Srivastava R 1989. Gymnospermous woods from Early Tertiary of Chhindwara District of Madhya Pradesh. Phytomorphology 39: 61-68.
Wheeler EA, Pearson RG, La Pasha CA, Zack T & Hatley W 1986. Computer-aided wood identification: References manual, North Carolina Agricultural Research Service Bulletin 474: 1-96
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.