Drainage Basin Analysis of the Sarayan River, Ganga Plain, India

Priyanka Yadav; Dhruv Sen Singh

doi:10.54991/jop.2024.1887

Authors

Priyanka Yadav Department of Geology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
Dhruv Sen Singh Department of Geology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2024.1887

Keywords:

Ganga Plain, Sarayan River, Morphometry, Geomorphology, Landscape

Abstract

The Sarayan River is a groundwater fed meandering river, originating near Gola Gokaran Nath Town in Lakhimpur Kheri District of Uttar Pradesh in the Ganga Plain. It flows around 170 km before joining the Gomti River at Kaintain hamlet, Sidhauli Tehsil, Sitapur District, Uttar Pradesh. The morphometric analysis of the Sarayan River Basin is explained in the present paper by using Geographical Information System (GIS) technique and Survey of India topographical sheets to integrate basic, shape and derived characteristics. It shows a dendritic drainage pattern, with a surface area of about 2535 km2. The basic parameters identified are, perimeter 383 km, length 112 km and slope 0.80 m/km. The derived parameters such as the relief–ratio (Rr) 0.30 m/km, bifurcation ratio (Rb) 8.82 and RHO coefficient 0.02, describe a gently undulating topography, influencing sediment transport and the formation of extensive alluvial plain. The form factor (Ff) 0.20, circularity index (Rc) 0.22, and elongation ratio (Re) 0.51 indicate the elongated shape of the basin. The Sarayan River Basin is a fourth order river basin with mature topography and dendritic behaviour of the drainage network.

सारांश

गंगा के मैदानों में अवस्थित उत्तर प्रदेश के जिला लखीमपुर खीरी में गोला गोकर्णनाथ कस्बे के निकट से उद्गमित सरायन नदी भूजल पोषित विसर्पी सरिता है। कैनटेन पल्ली, सिधौली तहसील जिला सीतापुर, उत्तर प्रदेश में रिक्तन (खाली होना) पूर्व लगभग 170 किलोमीटर प्रवाहित होती है। मूल गठन एवं व्युत्पन्न अभिलक्षणन समेकित करने को (भौगोलिक सूचना प्रणाली) जीआईएस तकनीक एवं भारतीय सर्वेक्षण स्थलाकृतिक परतें प्रयुक्त करते हुए इस शोध पत्र में सरायन नदी द्रोणी का आकारमितिक विश्लेषण व्याख्यायित किया गया है। द्रुमाकृतिक अपवाह प्रतिरूप के साथ द्रोणी में लगभग 2535 वर्ग किलोमीटर का पृष्ठ है। 383 किलोमीटर परिमाप, 112 किलोमीटर लंबाई एवं 0.80 मीटर/ किलोमीटर ढाल, मूल पैरामीटर अभिनिर्धारित किए हैं। उच्चावच-अनुपात (Rr) 0.30 मीटर/ किलोमीटर, द्विशाखन अनुपात (Rb) 8.82 और RHO गुणांक 0.02, जैसे व्युत्पन्न पैरामीटर अपरदन विभव, अश्मविज्ञान एवं अपवाह नेटवर्क की गतिविज्ञान वर्णित करते हैं। 0.20 का रूपांक (Ff), 0.22 का वृत्तीयतासूचक (Rc) तथा 0.51 का दीर्धाकरण अनुपात (Re) अनुमानित आकार पैरामीटर हैं। द्रोणी की अपरदन दरें मापित मान से प्रभावित हो सकती हैं, जो परिपक्व स्थलाकृति से दीर्घित द्रोणी प्रारूप दर्शाती है।

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