Living and fossil algae and fungi, formerly known as structural parts of marine bryozoans
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.1965.709Abstract
Some bryozoans (Ectoprocta) appear to be infested by symbiotic to parasitic algae and fungi. Filamentous Red alga boring into the recent Heteropora pelliculata has been apparently previously considered as "denticles" and "prolongations" (in cyclostome Entalophora proboscidea: Canu & Bassler, 1920, after Pergens). It is described as conchocelis phase of Porphyra drewae, sp. nov. (of Bangiales).
Rare blue-green colored fungus infests zooecia in the recent Heteropora neozelanica, and is described as Monoblepharis (?) thalassinosus sp. nov. A more abundant fungus in this same bryozoan is described as Heterosporimyces spinose, gen. et sp. nov., and still another, rare fungus in it. is tentatively classified as Ordovicimyces recensis, sp. nov. The genus Ordovicimyces is introduced for the transitional algo-fungus O. gallowayi, gen. et sp. nov., abundant in the ordovician trepostomatous bryozoan Nicholsonella cornula. In this same bryozoan occurs also a rare Blue-Green colonial alga named Prochamaesiphon cumingsi, gen. et sp. nov.
A fairly abundant fungus Propythium carbonarium, gen. et sp. nov occurs in the upper carboniferous bryozoan "Batostomella" polyspinosa, where also occurs rare Prochamaesiphon geitleri, gen. et sp. nov., and Prochmamaesiphon (?) sp.
Downloads
Metrics
References
ATKINSON GF (1909). Some problems in the Evolution of the Lower Fungi: Ann mycol., Berl. v. 17 (5): 441-472.
BARY, A., DE (1887). Comparative morphology and biology of the Fungi, Mycetozoa and Bacteria. English transl., The Clarendon Press. Oxford.
BESSEY EA (1950). Morphology and taxonomy of fungi. Blakiston Co., Philadelphia-Toronto.
BORG, FOLKE (1933). A revision of the recent Heteroporidae (Bryozoa). Zool. Bidr. Uppsala 14: 253-394.
BORG, FOLKE (1944). The Stenolaematous Bryozoa: Further Zoological Results of the Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1901-1902. Norstedt & Sones. Stockholm.
BRAND F (1910). Ueber die Stiel und Trichtesporangien der Algengattung Trentepohlia. Ber. Dtsch. Bot. Ges. 28: 83-91.
CANU F & BASSLER RS (1920). North American Early Tertiary Bryozoa. U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 106: 1-879.
COKER WCh (1923). The Saprolegniaceae, with notes on other water molds. Univ. Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
CUMINGS ER & GALLOAWAY JJ (1915). Studies of the morphology and histology of the Trepostomata or Monticuliporoids. Bull. geol. soc. Amer., 26: 349-374.
DREW, KATHLEEN M (1954). Studies in the Bangioideae. 3. Life-history of Porphyra umbilicalis. Ann. Bot. Lond., 18 (n.s.): 183-211.
ETHERIDGE R Jr. (1892). On the occurrence of microscopic fungi, allied to the genus Palaeoachlia. Rec. geol. Surv. N.S.W., pt. 3, p: 95.
FITZPATRICK HM (1930). The lower fungi, Phycomycetes. McGraw-Hill, New York.
FRITSCH FE (1929). The genus Sphaeroplea. Ann. Bot. 43: 1-26.
FRITSCH FE (1935). The Structure and Reproduction of the Algae, v. 1. Univ. Press. Cambridge. (Reprinted 1952).
FRITSCH FE (1945). The Structure and Reproduction of the Algae, v. 2. Univ. Press. Cambridge. (Reprinted 1952).
GAUMANN EA & WYND FL (1952). The Fungi. Hafner Publ. Co., New York.
GEITLER L (1932). Cyanophyceae, in Rabenhorst, Kryptogamen Flora, 14. Leipzig.
JOHNSON TW Jr., & SPARROW FK Jr. (1961). Fungi in oceans and estuaries. Publ. J. Cramer. Weinheim.
KIDSTON R & LANG WH (1921). On old Red Sandstone plants showing structure, from the Rhynie Chert Bed, Aberdeenshire Pt. 5. Trans. roy. Soc. Edinb. 52: 855-902.
KORDE KB (1961). Vodorosli Kembriya yugovostoka Sibirskoi platformy. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Palaeont. Inst., Tr. T. 89: 1-147.
MESCHINELLI A (1902). Fungoram fassilium iconographia. Edit. Ultima, Vicetiae.
MIDDLETON JT (1943). The Taxonomy, Host Range and Geographic Distrib. of the genus Pythium. Mem. Torrey bot. Cl. 20 (1): 1-171.
PERGENS ED (1889). Revision des Bryozoares du Cretace figures par d’Orbigny. Mem. Soc. belge Geol. 3: 305-400.
PIA, JULIUS (1927). Thallophyta; in Hirmer, Max: Handbuch der Palaobotanik, Klasse Fungi, pp. 112-130.
RENAULT B (1896). Bassin Houiller et Permien d’Autun et d’Epinac (text). Etud. Gites min. Fr. 4. Paris.
RIGBY JK (1957). Relationships between Acanthocladia guadalupensis and Solenopora texana. J. Palaeont. 31: 603-606.
SEWARD AC (1898). Fossil Plants, 1: (Fungi pp. 207-22, Text-figs. 41-44) Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge.
SMITH, G. M. (1938). Cryptogamic Botany, 1, Algae and Fungi. McGraw-Hill, New York.
SMITH GM (1877). A fossil Peronospora. Gard. Chron; Oct 20: 499.
SPARROW FK (1933). The Monoblepharidales. Ann. Bot., Lond., 47: 517-542.
SPARROW FK (1943). Aquatic Phycomycetes. Univ. Mich. Stud., Sci. Ser. 15: 1-785.
SPARROW FK Jr. (1933). Observation on marine Phycomycetes collected in Denmark. Dansk. bot. Ark., 8(6): 1-24.
TOMPKINS CM, TUCKER CM & MIDDLETON JT (1939). Soft rot of pumpkin and watermelon fruits caused by Phythium ultimum. J. agric. Res., 58: 461-475.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.