Evolutionary Floras ‒ revealing large-scale patterns in Palaeozoic vegetation history

Christopher J. Cleal; Borja Cascales–Miñana

doi:10.54991/jop.2021.9

Authors

Christopher J. Cleal Department of Natural Sciences, National Museum Wales, Cardiff CF10 3NP, UK
Borja Cascales–Miñana CNRS, Univ. Lille, UMR 8198, Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000, Lille, France

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2021.9

Keywords:

Evolutionary floras, Palaeozoic

Abstract

The overarching trajectory of Palaeozoic vegetation history can be interpreted as the sequential replacement of the Eotracheophytic, Eophytic, Palaeophytic and Mesophytic evolutionary floras. Each evolutionary flora was characterised by a group of co-existing supra-generic plant taxa (families and orders) that formed relatively coherent communities in time and space. In most cases, the transition between floras was relatively brief and usually reflected the appearance of evolutionary adaptations (e.g., seeds, robust steles) that favoured the plants of the new flora. The main exception was the diachronous appearance of the Mesophytic Flora during the late Carboniferous and Permian, apparently the result of the invasion by upland or extra-basinal vegetation pre-adapted to the drier substrates that were developing then in the lowlands. The mass extinctions that had such a major effect on Sepkoski’s evolutionary faunas had little effect on the dynamics of the evolutionary floras.

सारांश

पैलियोज़ोइक वनस्पति इतिहास के व्यापक प्रक्षेपवक्र की व्याख्या ईओट्रेकिओफाइटिक, इओफाइटिक, पैलियोफाइटिक और मीसोफाइटिक विकासवादी वनस्पतियों के अनुक्रमिक प्रतिस्थापन के रूप में की जा सकती है। प्रत्येक विकासवादी वनस्पति को सह-मौजूदा उच्च-वंश वनस्पति वर्गक (फैमिली और ऑर्डर) के एक समूह द्वारा चित्रित किया गया था जो समय और स्थान में अपेक्षाकृत सुसंगत समुदायों का गठन करता था। अधिकतर मामलों में, वनस्पतियों के बीच परिवर्तनकाल अपेक्षाकृत संक्षिप्त था और आमतौर पर विकासवादी अनुकूलन (जैसे, बीज, मजबूत स्टील) की उपस्थिति को दर्शाता है जो नए वनस्पतियों के पौधों का समर्थन करता है। मुख्य अपवाद अंतिम कार्बोनिफेरस और पर्मियन के दौरान मीसोफाइटिक वनस्पतियों की डायाक्रोनस उपस्थिति थी, जाहिर तौर पर ऊपर की ओर या अतिरिक्त-बेसिनल वनस्पति द्वारा अतिक्रमण का परिणाम सुखाने वाले शुष्क कार्यद्रव्य के लिए अनुकूलित किया गया था जो तब निचले क्षेत्रों में विकसित हो रहे थे। बड़े पैमाने पर विलुप्त होने का सेपकोस्की के विकासवादी जीवों पर बड़ा प्रभाव पड़ा, जबकि विकासवादी वनस्पतियों की गतिशीलता पर बहुत कम प्रभाव पड़ा।

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