Reconsideration of the Ediacaran problematicum Aulozoon

Gregory J. Retallack

doi:10.54991/jop.2022.1284

Authors

Gregory J. Retallack Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403–1272, U.S.A.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2022.1284

Keywords:

Aulozoon, Phyllozoon, Dickinsonia, Vendobionta, Ediacaran

Abstract

Aulozoon scoliorum is best known from a single large slab from the Nilpena Member of the Rawnsley Quartzite of South Australia, representing an Ediacaran paleocommunity, including Phyllozoon hanseni, Dickinsonia costata, Aspidella terranovica, Pseudorhizostomites howchini, and Somatohelix sinuosus. The source of this slab in Bathtub Gorge is the surface of a thick red sandstone with pseudomorphs of gypsum desert roses, which is interpreted as a Gypsid paleosol of the Muru pedotype. On this “snakes and ladders slab” (nicknamed for snake–like Aulozoon and ladder–like Phyllozoon), four specimens of Dickinsonia are poorly preserved above rounded terminations of Aulozoon. Aulozoon also has been discovered in five other thin sections cut below Dickinsonia basal surfaces, and in one case it is attached to Dickinsonia. Aulozoon has a high width to thickness ratio (14 ± 0.7), even after accounting for burial compaction. Burrows this much wider than high are unknown and would be mechanically difficult for a burrower. Stronger objections to a burrow interpretation come from taper of Aulozoon to half its width and local lateral crimping. Unlike deep sea tube worms, animal or algal stolons, Aulozoon is not cylindrical and lacks a finished inside wall outline. Outer finished wall grading inwards to sandstone fill of Aulozoon scoliorum is most like a fungal rhizomorph with loose internal hyphae, and this biological interpretation is supported by growth within a paleosol with desert roses.

सारांश

औलोज़ून स्कोलियोरम दक्षिण ऑस्ट्रेलिया के रॉन्सले क्वार्टजाइट के नीलपेना सदस्य से एक बड़े स्लैब से भलीभांति जाना जाता है और एक एडियाकरन पुरासमुदाय का प्रतिनिधित्व करता है, जिसमें फ़िलोज़ून हैंसेनी, डिकिन्सोनिया कोस्टाटा, एस्पिडेला टेरानोविका, स्यूडोरहिज़ोस्टोमाइट्स हाउचिनी और सोमाटोहेलिक्स सिनुओसस शामिल हैं। बाथटब गॉर्ज में इस स्लैब का स्रोत जिप्सम डिज़र्ट रोजेस के स्यूडोमोर्फ्स के साथ एक मोटे लाल बलुआ पत्थर की सतह है, जिसकी मुरु पेडोटाइप के जिप्सिड पेलियोसोल के रूप में व्याख्या की गई है। इस "साँप और सीढ़ी स्लैब" पर (साँप-जैसे औलोज़ून और सीढ़ी-जैसे फ़िलोज़ून के लिए उपनाम), डिकिन्सोनिया के चार नमूने औलोज़ून के गोल सिरे के ऊपर खराब रूप से संरक्षित हैं। औलोज़ून को पाँच अन्य थिन सेक्शन में भी खोजा गया है, डिकिन्सोनिया बेसल सतहों के नीचे, और एक मामले में यह डिकिन्सोनिया से जुड़ा हुआ है। संरक्षण संघनन के लिए लेखांकन के बाद भी औलोज़ून में मोटाई चौड़ाई का अनुपात (14± 0.7) अधिक है। ऊंचाई की तुलना में इतनी चौड़ी बर्रो अज्ञात हैं और बर्रो बनाने वाले के लिए यंत्रात्मक रूप से कठिन है। औलोज़ून के टेपर से इसकी आधी चौड़ाई और स्थानीय पार्श्व ऐंठन से एक बर्रो की व्याख्या के लिए प्रबल आपत्तियां हैं। गहरे समुद्र ट्यूब वर्म, जन्तु या शैवालीय स्टोलन के विपरीत, औलोज़ून बेलनाकार नहीं है, और आंतरिक भित्ति की पूर्ण रूपरेखा की कमी को दर्शाता है। औलोज़ून स्कोलियोरम के बलुआ पत्थर के अंदर की ओर बाहरी तैयार दीवार की ग्रेडिंग ढीले आंतरिक हायफी के साथ एक कवक राइज़ोमॉर्फ की तरह है, और यह जैविक व्याख्या एक पेलियोसोल के भीतर डिज़र्ट रोजेस के साथ वृद्धि द्वारा समर्थित है।

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