Palaeoenvironmental and stratigraphical implications of the palynoflora and macro–charcoal from the early Permian of the Chuperbhita Coalfield, Rajmahal Basin, Jharkhand, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2023.1865Keywords:
Macro Charcoal, Palynology, Palaeowildfire, Early Permian, Rajmahal Basin, IndiaAbstract
Palynological and macro–charcoal studies have been carried out on fossiliferous material from the upper seam of the Barakar Formation of Simlong Open Cast Mine (OCM), Chuperbhita Coalfield, India. The palynoassemblage exhibits a dominance of non– striate bisaccate pollen, mainly Scheuringipollenites, and a subdominance of striate bisaccate pollen assignable to Faunipollenites, suggesting an early Permian age (Artinskian). The presence of macro–charcoal indicates the occurrence of wildfire at the time of deposition of the Barakar Formation at Simlong OCM. The composition of the palynological assemblage, as well as anatomical details of the macro–charcoal, indicate that the source vegetation was dominated by gymnosperms. The non–abraded edges of many charcoal fragments suggest that the charcoal has not been transported over a long distance, indicating local to regional fires. Together with previous records of macro–charcoal, and the high inertinite contents of many Permian coals from India, this study further supports the widespread occurrence of palaeo–wildfires as frequent sources of disturbance in continental ecosystems in this part of Gondwana during the early Permian.
सारांश
सिमलोंग विवृत खान (ओसीएम), चुपरभिटा कोयलाक्षेत्र , भारत स्थित बराकर शैलसमूह की ऊपरी संस्तर से संगृहीत जीवाश्ममय सामग्री के परागाणविक एवं स्थूल काष्ठ कोयला अध्ययन किए गए हैं । परागाणुसमुच्चय गैर-रेखीय द्विसपुट पराग, मुख्यता ‘शेउरिंगिपोलेनाइट्स’ की प्रधानता को व रेखीय द्विसपुटपराग जो ‘फौनिपोलेनाइट्स’ सुझावित किया गया है की उप-प्रभुत्वता को प्रदर्शित करते हुए प्रारंभिक पर्मियनकाल (आर्टिंस्कियन) को निर्दिष्ट है। स्थूल-काष्ठ कोयले की विद्यमानता सिमलोंग ओसीएम में बराकर शैलसमूह के निक्षेपण के समय वन-अग्नि की घटना का संकेत देती है। परागाणविक समुच्चय तथा स्थूल-काष्ठ कोयले का शारीरीय विवरण व्यंजित करता है कि स्त्रोत वनस्पति वनस्पति में अनावृतबीजियों की प्रभुत्व थी। कोयले के बहुत-से खंड़जों के गैर-अपघर्षित सिरे लक्षित करते हैं कि कोयला लंबी दूरी तक अपवाहित नहीं हुआ था जोकि स्थानीय से आंचलिक अग्नि का संकेत देते हैं। भारत के स्थूल–काष्ठ कोयला के पूर्व अभिलेखों तथा विभिन्न क्षेत्रों से मिलने वाले पर्मियन कोयलों की उच्च इनर्टीनाइट अंतर्वस्तुओं के साथ, यह अध्ययन प्रारंभिक पर्मियन में गोंडवाना के इस क्षेत्र में महाद्वीपीय पारिस्थितिक तंत्र में लगातार उत्पन्न होने वाले विक्षोभ हेतु पुरावनअग्नि की व्यापक घटना को भी संबल प्रदान करता है।
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