Plant diversity in the Kamthi Formation of India: A Review

Authors

  • Arun Joshi Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, 53 University Road, Lucknow 226007, India
  • Rajni Tewari Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, 53 University Road, Lucknow 226007, India
  • Deepa Agnihotri Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, 53 University Road, Lucknow 226007, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2014.328

Keywords:

Megafossils, Kamthi Formation, Permian, Triassic, Mahanadi Basin, Wardha Basin, Godavari Graben, India

Abstract

Plant megafossils recorded from the Kamthi Formation of India have been assessed in the present communication. The formation is mainly exposed in the Mahanadi, Godavari and Wardha basins and has been critically analysed on the basis of its megafloral and palynological contents, and the lithological aspects by earlier workers who variously assigned its age as late Permian, early and late Triassic. An endeavour has been made here to compile all the known plant fossil records from the Kamthi Formation for better understanding of its floral and biostratigraphical significance. Known records of the plant megafossils from the Kamthi Formation reveal dominance of the Glossopteris flora and paucity of the Dicroidium floral elements suggesting a transition between late Permian and early Triassic.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Agarwal A, Tewari R & Rajanikanth A 2007. A gymnospermous (Araucariaceae) wood from the Kamthi Formation, Wardha Valley Coalfield. Gondwana Geological Magazine 22: 103–107.

Agashe SN & Gowda PRN 1978. Anatomical study of a gymnospermous wood from Lower Gondwana strata of Maharashtra. Phytomorphology 28: 269−275.

Agashe SN & Prasad KR 1989. Studies on fossil gymnospermous woods—Part VII: Six new species of Lower Gondwana (Permian) gymnospermous woods from Chandrapur District of Maharashtra State, India. Palaeontographica B 212: 71–102.

Agashe SN & Shashi Kumar MS 1996. Studies in fossil gymnospermous wood–Part VIII: A new species of Araucarioxylon, i.e. A. wejgaoense from Lower Gondwana strata of Chandrapur District of Maharashtra, India. Palaeobotanist 45: 15−19.

Agashe SN & Shashi Kumar MS 2001. Studies in fossil gymnospermous wood–Part X: Three new species of Araucarioxylon from Lower Gondwana strata of Chandrapur District of Maharashtra, India. Palaeobotanist 50: 381−393.

Agashe SN, Chitnis SR & Patil KS 1971. A preliminary report on the Lower Gondwana fossil plants from Maharashtra State. 58th Indian Science Congress (Abstract).

Ball V 1877. On the geology of Mahanadi Basin and its vicinity. Records of Geological Society of India 10: 167−185.

Biradar NV & Bonde SD 1981. Nandorioxylon saksenae gen. et. sp. nov.–a new geuns of gymnospermous wood from Kamthi Stage of Chandrapur District, Maharashtra State, India. Geophytology 11: 90−95.

Bhattacharya A, Nandi A & Dutta A 2001. Triassic mega- and microplant fossils from the Kamthi Formation of Talcher Coalfield, Orissa with chronological significance. In: Proceedings of National Seminar on Recent Advances in Geology of Coal and Lignite Basins of India, Calcutta, 1997. Geological Survey of India. Special Publication 54: 123−126.

Blanford WT 1868. The coal near Nagpur. Records of Geological Survey of India 22: 23−54.

Blanford WT 1872. On the description of geology of Nagpur and its neighbourhood. Memoirs of Geological Society of India 9: 295−358.

Bunbury CJF 1861. Notes on a collection of fossil plants from Nagpur, Central India. Quarterly Journal of Geological Society of London 17: 325−346.

Chandra S 1984. Utkalia dichotoma gen. et sp. nov. a fossil fructification from the Kamthi Formation of Orissa, India. Palaeobotanist 31: 208−212.

Chandra S 1992. Changing patterns of the Permian Gondwana vegetation. Palaeobotanist 40: 73−100.

Chandra S & Rigby JF 1981. Lycopsid, sphenopsid and cycadaceous remains from the Lower Gondwana of Handapa, Orissa. Geophytology 11: 214−219.

Chandra S & Rigby JF 1983. The filicales from the Lower Gondwana of Handapa. Palaeobotanist 31: 143−147.

Chandra S & Prasad MNV 1980. Two new species of Zalesskioxylon from Kamthi Formation. Phyta 2, 3: 1−10.

Chandra S & Prasad MNV 1981. Fossil plants from the Kamthi Formation of Maharashtra and their stratigraphic significance. Palaeobotanist 28–29: 99−121.

Chandra S & Singh KJ 1986. Surangephyllum gen. nov. from the Kamthi Formation of Handapa, Orissa. Indian Society of Geoscientists Bulletin 1: 15−18.

Chandra S & Singh KJ 1988. A new seed bearing plant organ from the Kamthi Formation of Orissa, India. Current Science 57: 996−998.

Chandra S & Singh KJ 1989. Handapaphyllum—a new leaf type from the Upper Permian of Orissa, India. Palaeobotanist 37: 143−146.

Chandra S & Singh KJ 1992. The genus Glossopteris from the Late Permian beds of Handapa, Orissa, India. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 75: 183−218.

Chitnis SR & Vagyani BA 1979. Additions to the Glossopteris flora from the Kamthi beds near Satnavari, District Nagpur (M.S.). Geophytology 9: 62–64.

Feistmantel O 1880. The fossil flora of Gondwana System (Lower Gondwana) II. The flora of Damuda–Panchet Divisions. Memoirs of Geological Survey of India. Palaeontologia indica 12: 1−77.

Feistmantel O 1881. The fossil flora of Gondwana System II. The flora of the Damuda and Panchet Divisions. Memoirs of Geological Survey of India Palaeontologia indica 12: 78−149.

Goswami S 2006. Records of Lower Gondwana megafloral assemblage from Lower Kamthi Formation of Ib–River Coalfield, Orissa, India. Journal of Biosciences 31: 115−128.

Goswami S & Singh KJ 2010. Occurrence of Gymnosperms from Lower Gondwana formations of the Ib–River Coalfield, Orissa, India with a clue on the Palaeoecology and the Palaeoenvironment of the area. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India 55: 121−135.

Goswami S & Singh KJ 2013. Floral biodiversity and geology of the Talcher Basin, Orissa, India during the Permian–Triassic interval. Geological Journal 48: 39−56.

Goswami S, Singh KJ & Chandra S 2006a. Palaeobotany of Gondwana Basins of Orissa, India: a bird’s eye view. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 28: 218−233.

Goswami S, Dash M & Guru BC 2006b. Permian biodiversity of Mahanadi Master Basin, Orissa, India and their environmental countenance. Acta Palaeobotanica 46: 101−118.

Hughes TWH 1877. The Wardha Valley coalfields. Memoirs of Geological Survey of India 13: 1−154.

Khan AM 1969. Senia reticulata, a new plant fossil from the Raniganj rocks of the Talcher Coalfield, Orissa, India. In: Santapau H. et al. (Editors)—J. Sen Memorial Volume: 335−338 Botanical Society of Bengal,Calcutta.

King W 1881. The geology of Pranhita–Godavari Valley. Memoirs of Geological Society of India 18: 150−311.

Lakshminarayana G & Murty KS 1990. Stratigraphy of the Gondwana formations in the Chintalpudi sub–basin, Godavari Valley, Andhra Pradesh. Journal of Geological Society of India 36: 13−25.

Mukherjee D, Ray S, Chandra S, Pal S & Bandyopadhyay S 2012. Upper Gondwana Succession of the Rewa Basin, India: Understanding the Interrelationship of Lithologic and Stratigraphic Variables. Journal of Geological Society of India 79: 563−575.

Mukhopadhyay G, Mukhopadhyay SK, Roychowdhury M & Parui PK 2010. Stratigraphic correlation between different Gondwana basins of India. Journal of Geological Society of India 76: 251−266.

Oldham RD 1880. Fossil plants from Kamthi Formation. Palaeontologia indica Ser. 12: 19.

Pal PK, Chakraborty U, Ghosh AK & Ghosh A 1991. Triassic plant megafossils from the Kamthi Formation of Talcher Coalfield, India–A new report. Indian Journal of Geology 63: 119−125.

Pal PK & Ghosh AK 1997. Megafloral zonation of Permian–Triassic sequence in the Kamthi Formation, Talcher Coalfield, Orissa. Palaeobotanist 46: 81−87.

Prasad MNV 1982. An Annotated Synopsis of India Palaeozoic gymnospermous wood. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 38: 119−156.

Prasad MNV 1986. Xylotaphoflora of the Kamthi Formation, India Gondwana with remarks on the biostratigraphic importance of its taphoflora. Palaeontographica 201: 111−134.

Prasad MNV & Chandra S 1978. Australoxylon from the Kamthi beds of Lower Gondwana, India. Current Science 47: 597.

Prasad MNV & Chandra S 1981. Two species of Australoxylon from the Kamthi Formation of Chandrapur District, Maharashtra. Geophytology 11: 1−5.

Sastry MVA, Acharya SK, Shah SC, Satsangi PP, Ghosh SC & Singh G 1979. Classification of Indian Gondwana sequence–a reappraisal. In: Laskar B & Raja Rao CS (Editors)−Proceedings of Fourth International Gondwana Symposium, Calcutta 1977: 502−509.

Singh KJ 2000. Plant biodiversity in the Mahanadi Basin, India during the Gondwana Period. Journal of African Earth Sciences 31: 145−155.

Singh KJ & Chandra S 1987. Some new species of Glossopteris from the Kamthi Formation of Handapa, Orissa. Geophytology 17: 39−55.

Singh KJ & Chandra S 1996. Plant fossils from the exposures near Gopal Prasad Village, Talchir Coalfield, Orissa with remarks on the age of the bed. Geophytology 26: 69−75.

Singh KJ & Chandra S 2000. Additional palaeobotanical information from Madhupur Village, Talcher Coalfield, Orissa, India. Palaeobotanist 49: 385−398.

Singh KJ, Goswami S & Chandra S 2006. The genus Glossopteris from the Lower Gondwana formations of Ib–River Coalfield, Orissa, India. Journal of Palaeontological Society of India 51: 81−107.

Srivastava AK & Agnihotri D 2010. Upper Permian plant fossils assemblage of Bijori Formation: a case study of Glossopteris flora beyond the limit of Raniganj Formation. Journal of the Geological Society of India 76: 47−62.

Srivastava SC & Jha N 1997. Status of Kamthi Formation: lithological and palaeobotanical evidences. Palaeobotanist 46: 88−96.

Subramanian KS & Rao CN 1960. Glossopteris from the Mahadevas of Hinjrida Ghati, Talcher Coalfield, Orissa. Proceeding of Indian Science Congress Association, 47th Session Part 3: 278.

Surange KR & Chandra S 1973a. Dictyopteridium sporiferum Feistmantel—female cone from the Lower Gondwana of India. Palaeobotanist 20: 127−136.

Surange KR & Chandra S 1973b. Denkania indica gen. et. sp. nov. a glossopteridean fructification from the Lower Gondwana of India. Palaeobotanist 20: 264−268.

Surange KR & Chandra S 1973c. Partha—a new type of female fructification from the Lower Gondwana of India. Palaeobotanist 20: 356−360.

Surange KR & Chandra S 1974. Fructifications of Glossopteridae from India. Palaeobotanist 2: 1−17.

Surange KR & Maheshwari HK 1970. Some male and female fructification of glossopteridales from India. Palaeontographica 129: 178−192.

Tewari R 2007. The Glossopteris flora from the Kamptee Coalfield, Wardha Basin, Maharashtra, India. Palaeontographica B 277: 43−64.

Tewari R 2008. The genus Glossopteris Brongniart from the Kamthi Formation of Camp IV area, Wardha Valley Coalfield, Wardha Basin, Maharashtra, India. Journal of Palaeontological Society of India 53: 19−30.

Tewari R & Rajanikanth A 2001. Occurrence of Glossopteris flora, Pisdura–Nand Dongargaon sub–basin. Palaeobotanist 50: 411−414.

Tiwari SP & Chauhan DK 2013. Nupuria gen. nov. a new female fructification from Kamthi Formation of Indian Lower Gondwana. Indian Journal of Plant Sciences 2: 59–65.

Tiwari SP, Deeba F & Chauhan DK 2009. Some scale leaves and seeds from the Kamthi Formation of India. Bionature 29: 17–32.

Varma CP 1963. Glossopteris fructifications from Chintalpudi Sandstone, south India. Current Science 32: 75−77.

Vagyani BA & Mahabale TS 1974. A new species of fossil gymnospermous wood Planoxylon Stopes from Adhari (M.S.). Palaeobotanist 21: 211−215.

Vagyani BA & Raju AVV 1981. A new species of fossil gymnospermous wood Araucarioxylon Krauss from Nandori, Maharashtra. Biovigyanam 7: 11−13.

Varadpande DG 1977. Fossil plants from Kamthi beds of Lower Gondwana of India. Journal of the University of Poona, Science and Technology 50: 227−234.

Downloads

Published

2014-12-31

How to Cite

Joshi, A., Tewari, R., & Agnihotri, D. (2014). Plant diversity in the Kamthi Formation of India: A Review. Journal of Palaeosciences, 63((1-2), 127–136. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2014.328

Issue

Section

Research Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 3 4 > >>